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Check below drug details and more information about your Penicillin VK Prescription
Penicillin V potassium is the potassium salt of penicillin V. This chemically improved form combines acid stability with immediate solubility and rapid absorption. It is designated 4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]-heptane-2-carboxylic acid, 3,3 -dimethyl-7-oxo-6-[(phenoxyacetyl)amino]-, monopotassium salt, [2S-(2a,5a,6b)]-. The empirical formula is C16H17KN2O5S, and the molecular weight is 388.48.
Each tablet contains penicillin V potassium equivalent to 250 mg (400,000 units) or 500 mg (800,000 units) penicillin V. The tablets also contain lactose, magnesium stearate, povidone, starch, stearic acid, and other inactive ingredients.
After being mixed as directed, each 5 ml of the oral solution will contain penicillin V potassium equivalent to 250 mg (400,000 units) penicillin V. The suspension also contains citric acid, F D & C Red No. 40, flavors, saccharin, sodium citrate, and sucrose.
Penicillin V potassium is bactericidal against penicillin-susceptible microorganisms during the stage of active multiplication. It produces its effect by inhibiting biosynthesis of cell-wall mucopeptide. It is not active against the penicillinase-producing bacteria, which include many strains of staphylococci. The drug exerts high in vitro activity against staphylococci (except penicillinase-producing strains), streptococci (groups A, C, G, H, L, and M), and pneumococci. Other organisms susceptible in vitro to penicillin V areCorynebacterium diphtheriae, Bacillus anthracis, clostridia,Actinomyces bovis, Streptobacillus moniliformis, Listeria monocytogenes, Leptospira, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.Treponema pallidium is extremely susceptible.
Penicillin V potassium has the distinct advantage over penicillin G in being resistant to inactivation by gastric acid. It may be given with meals; however, blood levels are slightly higher when the drug is given on an empty stomach. Average blood levels are 2 to 5 times higher than those following the same dose of oral penicillin G and also show much less individual variation.
Penicillin V potassium is indicated in the treatment of mild to moderately severe infections due to microorganisms whose susceptibility to penicillin G is within the range of serum levels common to this particular dosage form. Therapy should be guided by bacteriologic studies (including susceptibility tests) and by clinical response.
NOTE: Severe pneumonia, empyema, bacteremia, pericarditis, meningitis, and arthritis should not be treated with penicillin V during the acute stage.
Indicated surgical procedures should be performed.
The following infections will usually respond to adequate dosage of penicillin V:
Streptococcal Infections (without bacteremia): Mild to moderate infections of the upper respiratory tract, scarlet fever, and mild erysipelas.
NOTE: Streptococci groups A, C, G, H, L, and M are very susceptible to penicillin. Other groups, including group D (enterococcus), are resistant.
Although reactions have been reported much less frequently after oral than after parenteral penicillin therapy, it should be remembered that all degrees of hypersensitivity, including fatal anaphylaxis, have been observed with oral penicillin.
The most common reactions to oral penicillin are nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, diarrhea, and black, hairy tongue. The hypersensitivity reactions noted are skin eruptions (ranging from maculopapular to exfoliative dermatitis); urticaria; reactions resembling serum sickness, including chills, fever, edema, arthralgia, and prostration; laryngeal edema; and anaphylaxis. Fever and eosinophilia may frequently be the only reactions observed. Hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, neuropathy, and nephropathy are infrequent reactions and are usually associated with high doses of parenteral penicillin.
SERIOUS AND OCCASIONALLY FATAL HYPERSENSITIVITY (ANAPHYLACTIC) REACTIONS HAVE BEEN REPORTED IN PATIENTS RECEIVING PENICILLIN THERAPY. THESE REACTIONS ARE MORE LIKELY TO OCCUR IN INDIVIDUALS WITH A HISTORY OF PENICILLIN HYPERSENSITIVITY AND/OR A HISTORY OF SENSITIVITY TO MULTIPLE ALLERGENS. THERE HAVE BEEN REPORTS OF INDIVIDUALS WITH A HISTORY OF PENICILLIN HYPERSENSITIVITY WHO HAVE EXPERIENCED SEVERE REACTIONS WHEN TREATED WITH CEPHALOSPORINS. BEFORE INITIATING THERAPY WITH PENICILLIN V POTASSIUM, CAREFUL INQUIRY SHOULD BE MADE CONCERNING PREVIOUS HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS TO PENICILLINS, CEPHALOSPORINS, OR OTHER ALLERGENS. IF AN ALLERGIC REACTION OCCURS, PENICILLIN V POTASSIUM SHOULD BE DISCONTINUED AND APPROPRIATE THERAPY INSTITUTED. SERIOUS ANAPHYLACTIC REACTIONS REQUIRE IMMEDIATE EMERGENCY TREATMENT WITH EPINEPHRINE. OXYGEN, INTRAVENOUS STEROIDS, AND AIRWAY MANAGEMENT, INCLUDING INTUBATION, SHOULD ALSO BE ADMINISTRATED AS INDICATED.
Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported with nearly all antibacterial agents including penicillins, and may range in severity from mild to life-threatening. Therefore, it is important to consider this diagnosis in patients who present with diarrhea subsequent to the administration of antibacterial agents.
Signs and Symptoms: Symptoms of large oral overdose of penicillin may cause nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, diarrhea, and, in rare cases, major motor seizures. If other symptoms are present, consideration must also be given to the possibility of an allergic reaction or symptoms secondary to a concurrent medication or other underlying disease state, especially in adults.
Treatment: To obtain up-to-date information about the treatment of overdose, a good resource is your certified Regional Poison Control Center. Telephone numbers of certified poison control centers are listed in Physicians GenRx. In managing overdosage, consider the possibility of multiple drug overdoses, interaction among drugs, and unusual drug kinetics in your patient.
Ensure adequate ventilation and protect the patient's airway while attempting to limit drug absorption. In oral overdosage, consideration must be given to emesis or lavage to evacuate the stomach, and administration of activated charcoal by mouth or via lavage tube with a cathartic such as sorbitol may hasten drug elimination. Penicillin may be removed by hemodialysis. No specific antidote is known to be effective.
Penicillin V potassium is an antibiotic used to treat a variety of infections, most notably strep throat. This drug is also used to prevent infections (bacterial endocarditis) in patients with congenital heart disease or rheumatic or other acquired valvular heart disease. Penicillin is taken before dental procedures and surgical procedures in these patients. This drug should not be used by those with allergies to penicillin and you should consult with your pharmacist or physician if you are allergic to penicillin before taking this medication. The most common side effects from penicillin include: nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, and diarrhea. Because this medication is used to treat infections, it should be taken as prescribed. Even if your symptoms are better, the entire supply of medication should be taken to ensure the infection is cured. Liquid forms of penicillin must be refrigerated and shaken before administered.
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